Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1
Ph.D. Student in International Law, Faculty of Law and Political Science, Tehran University, Tehran, Iran.
2
Prof., Department of Law, Faculty of Humanities, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran.
10.22084/qjpla.2025.30423.1012
Abstract
Cyberspace has become an essential aspect of the telecommunication industry due to the increasing reliance on digital infrastructure and the exponential growth of data traffic. However, with the emergence of technologies such as 5G, the Internet of Things (IoT), and cloud computing, the attack surface of these infrastructures has expanded, introducing new challenges and vulnerabilities that necessitate complex security protocols. On the other hand, the lack of treaty documents and customary international law in the realm of cyberspace is highly noticeable. It should be noted, however, that the absence of specific rules does not imply that states are free to conduct cyber operations without restrictions. Although existing customary and treaty laws do not explicitly regulate cyber operations, through interpretative tools, existing rules can be extended to include cyber operations. Thus, in the absence of global consensus on the application of international rules to cyber operations and the lack of uniform practices among states, the Tallinn Manual 2.0 is recognized as one of the significant efforts toward regulating cyberspace. This document examines the international law applicable to cyber operations and seeks to provide a legal framework for managing the challenges in this domain. In its eleventh chapter, the manual addresses international telecommunication law through four rules, offering related observations and considerations. Therefore, this research, using a descriptive-analytical method and relying on library resources, seeks to examine and analyze the positions of the Tallinn Manual 2.0 regarding international telecommunication law.
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